A primitive root; to stun (or intransitively, grow numb), i.e. Devastate or (figuratively) stupefy (both usually in a passive sense) -- make amazed, be astonied, (be an) astonish(-ment), (be, bring into, unto, lay, lie, make) desolate(-ion, places), be destitute, destroy (self), (lay, lie, make) waste, wonder.
H8074. shamem
[שָׁמֵם] verb be desoleted, appalled (connection of meanings not clear) (Late Hebrew id.; Jewish-Aramaic שְׁמַם Ithpe`el be dazed); —
Qal Perfect3feminine singular שָׁמֵ֑מָה Ezekiel 35:15, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יִשֹּׁם; 1 Kings 9:8 +, 3 masculine plural יָשֹּׁ֫מּוּ Job 17:8; Psalm 40:16, etc.; Imperative masculine plural שֹׁ֫מוּ Jeremiah 2:19; Infinitive construct (?) metaplastic שַׁמוֺת Ezekiel 36:3 (Ges§ 67r, but see infra); — תֵּשַׁם, etc. (see [יָשַׁם]) are placed here by most; 6:6 reads תִּישָׁ֑מְנָה, see Ges § 67 p dd; — Participle שׁוֺמֵם Lamentations 3:11 (see also
Po-.); feminine שֹׁמֵמָ֔ה (Ges§ 84a s) 2 Samuel 13:20 +; plural שׁוֺמֵמִין Lamentations 1:14, etc.; —
1 be desolated, of Tamar 2 Samuel 13:20 (i.e. deflowered, or deserted; others appalled), of person elsewhere late Lamentations 1:16; שֹׁמֵמָה נְתָנַנִי 1:13, שׁ ׳שָׂמַ֫נִי 3:11; participle as feminine noun שׁוֺמֵמָה בְּנֵי Isaiah 54:1 (opposed to בְּעוּלָה) [Daniel 8:13 +?
Po-.]; usually of land, etc. (sometimes=deserted), Isaiah 49:8; Ezekiel 33:28 (עוֺבֵר מֵאֵין), 35:12 (read שָֽׁמְמוּ Qr Co Toy Krae; >Kt שׁממה), 35:15; הַשֹּׁמִמוֺת הֶחְָרָבוֺת 36:4 ("" שַׁמּוֺת הַנֱּעֶזָבוֺת הֶעָרִים) 36:3 is probably corrupt, Co שְׁאָט as 36:5, Hi-Sm from שׁמה = נשׁם, Toy reads נָשֹׁם, Krae נָשֹׁם; — participle feminine plural as noun = desolate places Isaiah 49:19; 61:4 (both "" חֳרָבוֺת), 61:4 (compare שְׁמָמָה 62:4); = desolations Daniel 9:18, 26.
2 be appalled, awestruck, usually at (עַל) judgments on others, Leviticus 26:32 (H), Jeremiah 2:12 (see II. [ חָרֵב]), Ezekiel 26:16; 27:35; 28:19; Isaiah 52:14; Job 17:8, compare 1 Kings 9:8 2 Chronicles 7:12; Jeremiah 18:16; 19:8; 49:17; 50:13; on oneself Psalm 40:16 (עַלעֵֿקֶב). — Isaiah 42:14 see [נשׁם].
Niph`al Perfect3feminine singular נָשַׁ֫מָּה Jeremiah 12:11 +, 3 plural נָשַׁ֫נּוּ Zephaniah 3:6 +; Participle feminine נְשַׁמָּה Ezekiel 36:34 +, etc.; — =
Qal: 1. be desolated, of roads Leviticus 26:22 (H), Isaiah 33:8, bamoth Amos 7:9 ("" יֶחֱרָ֑בוּ), altars Ezekiel 6:4; compare 25:3; 32:15; Zephaniah 3:6; Zechariah 7:14; Joel 1:17; Psalm 69:26; of lands Ezekiel 29:12; 30:7; 36:34-35, cities Isaiah 54:3 (opposed to יוֺשִׁיבוּ), compare Ezekiel 36:35; Amos 9:14; Jeremiah 33:10; הַנְּשַׁמָּה Ezekiel 36:36 the desolated (that is, land, in figure).
2 be appalled Jeremiah 4:9; Lamentations 4:5; Ezekiel 4:17; 30:7, with עַל of thing Job 18:20.
Po` Participle
1 מְשׁוֺמֵם וֵָאשְׁבָה Ezra 9:3I sat appalled, compare 9:4
2 transitive appalling, causing horror (DrDan 150 f.): מְשֹׁמֵם (הַ)שִּׁקּוּץ Daniel 11:31, + perhaps 9:27 a (see שִׁקּוּץ); so also ׳שִׁוּ שֹׁמֵם 12:11 (on ׳שׁ v, Ges§ 52s), שֹׁמֵם הַמֶּשַׁע 8:13 the crime causing horror, and ׳שׁ as noun horror-causer, appaller, 9:27b.
Hiph`il Perfect2masculine singular הֲשִׁמּ֫וֺתָ Job 16:7, etc.; Imperfect3masculine singular יַשּׁים (Ges§ 67y) Jeremiah 49:20; 50:45, 3masculine plural suffix וַיְשִׁמֵּם 1 Samuel 5:6, 1plural נַשִּׁים Numbers 21:30, etc.; Imperative masculine plural הָשַׁמּוּ (Ges§ 67v) Job 21:5; Infinitive absolute הַשְׁמֵם Micah 6:13; Participle מַשְׁמִים Ezekiel 3:15; —
1 devastate, ravage, accusative of person 1 Samuel 5:6; Ezekiel 20:26; Hosea 2:14 (figurative of vine), Job 16:7; accusative of location Leviticus 26:31-32, (H) Jeremiah 10:25; Ezekiel 30:12, 14; Psalm 79:7, so (accusative omitted) Numbers 21:30 (poem in J E), Micah 6:13; — Ezekiel 14:8 see שִׂים
Hiph`il 2. a. appal, accusative of person, with עַל at, Jeremiah 49:20; 50:45; Ezekiel 32:10.
b. inwardly transitive, ׳מִשׁ וָאֵשֵׁב Ezekiel 3:15 shewing horror, Job 21:5 (Bu Niph`al הִשַּׁמוּ).
Hoph`al Infinitive construct הָשַּׁמָּה כָּליְֿמֵי (that is הָאָרֶץ) Leviticus 26:34 (H) all the days of (its) being desolate, so 26:35; 2 Chronicles 36:21; Aramaizing, בָּהְשַׁמָּה (Ges§ 67y) Leviticus 26:43.
Hithpo`el Imperfect3masculine singular יִשְׁתּוֺמֵם Psalm 143:4, etc.; —
1 be appalled, astounded, כִּי that, because, Isaiah 59:16; 63:5; עַל of thing Daniel 8:27; יִשְׁתּ ׳עבּתוֺכִי Psalm 143:4 (compare 1 plural נשתומם Ecclus. 43:24).
2 cause oneself desolation, ruin, Ecclesiastes 7:16.